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South Sudan

Coordinates: 8°N 30°E / 8°N 30°E / 8; 30

South Sudan (i/ˌsθ suˈdɑːn, -ˈdæn/), officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in northeastern Africa that gained its independence from Sudan in 2011. Its current capital is Juba, which is also its largest city. It is planned that the capital city will be changed to the more centrally located Ramciel in the future. South Sudan is bordered by Sudan to the north, Ethiopia to the east, Kenya to the southeast, Uganda to the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the southwest, and the Central African Republic to the west. It includes the vast swamp region of the Sudd, formed by the White Nile and known locally as the Bahr al Jabal.

The territories of modern South Sudan and the Republic of the Sudan were occupied by Egypt under the Muhammad Ali Dynasty, and later governed as an Anglo-Egyptian condominium until Sudanese independence was achieved in 1956. Following the First Sudanese Civil War, the Southern Sudan Autonomous Region was formed in 1972 and lasted until 1983. A second Sudanese civil war soon developed and ended with the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005. Later that year, southern autonomy was restored when an Autonomous Government of Southern Sudan was formed.

Sudan

Sudan (Arabic: السودان as-Sūdān, English pronunciation (US) i/suˈdæn/, (GB) /sˈdɑːn/), officially the Republic of the Sudan (Arabic: جمهورية السودان Jumhūrīyat as-Sūdān), is a country in north-east Africa. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea, Eritrea, and Ethiopia, to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. It is the third largest country in Africa. The River Nile divides the country into eastern and western halves. Its predominant religion is Islam.

Sudan was home to numerous ancient civilizations, such as the Kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Nobatia, Alodia, Makuria, Meroë and others, most of which flourished along the Nile. During the pre-dynastic period Nubia and Nagadan Upper Egypt were identical, simultaneously evolved systems of pharaonic kingship by 3300 BC. By virtue of its proximity to Egypt, the Sudan participated in the wider history of the Near East inasmuch as it was Christianized by the 6th century, and Islamized in the 15th. As a result of Christianization, the Old Nubian language stands as the oldest recorded Nilo-Saharan language (earliest records dating to the 9th century). Sudan was the largest country in Africa and the Arab world until 2011, when South Sudan separated into an independent country, following an independence referendum. Sudan is now the third largest country in Africa (after Algeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo) and also the third largest country in the Arab world (after Algeria and Saudi Arabia).

Sudan stain

Sudan stains and Sudan dyes are synthetic organic compounds that are used as dyes for various plastics and are also used to stain sudanophilic biological samples, usually lipids. Sudan II, Sudan III, Sudan IV, Oil Red O, and Sudan Black B are important members of this class of compounds (see images below).

Staining

Sudan dyes have high affinity to fats, therefore they are used to demonstrate triglycerides, lipids, and lipoproteins. Alcoholic solutions of Sudan dyes are usually used, however pyridine solutions can be used in some situations as well.

Sudan stain test is often used to determine the level of fecal fat to diagnose steatorrhea. A small sample is dissolved in water or saline, glacial acetic acid is added to hydrolyze the insoluble salts of fatty acids, a few drops of alcoholic solution of Sudan III are added, the sample is spread on a microscopic slide, and heated twice to boil. Normally a stool sample should show only a few drops of red-orange stained fat under the microscope. The method is only semiquantitative but, due to its simplicity, it is used for screening.

Sudan (beverage)

Sudan (Hangul: 수단; hanja: 水團 or 水鍴) is a kind of Korean traditional drink made of honey water and rice cake. It is usually served during the summer for quenching thirst. Traditionally Sudan was always served during a village rite in 6th month in lunar calendar. Korean farmers prayed for a bountiful harvest and god’s blessing for their life in the future by making food offering including foods and Sudan drink.

See also

  • Shikhye
  • Hwachae
  • References


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    Latest News for: South sudan capital

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    Ugandan president arrives in South Sudan to assist de-escalation

    Xinhua 03 Apr 2025
    JUBA, April 3 (Xinhua) -- Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni arrived in Juba, the capital of South Sudan, on Thursday afternoon to help de-escalate the political tensions in the country ... Ugandan president arrives in South Sudan to assist de-escalation.
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    South Sudan-What we know about the complex crisis

    The Jordan Times 03 Apr 2025
    JUBA — Recent clashes between forces loyal to President Salva Kiir and First Vice President Riek Machar have raised fears that South Sudan is on the brink of renewed war ... South Sudan, already one of ...
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    South Sudan: What we know about the complex crisis

    Urdu Point 02 Apr 2025
    <p>Juba, (APP - UrduPoint / Pakistan Point News - 2nd Apr, 2025) Recent clashes between forces loyal to President Salva Kiir and First Vice President Riek Machar have raised fears that South ...
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    AU dispatches Panel of Wise to South Sudan to help tackle ongoing instability

    China.dot.org 01 Apr 2025
    ADDIS ABABA, April 1 (Xinhua) -- The African Union (AU) Commission is dispatching a high-level delegation of the AU Panel of the Wise to Juba, the capital of South Sudan, to deal with ongoing instability in the country.
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    Türkiye warns citizens against travel to South Sudan amid rising tensions

    Anadolu Agency 01 Apr 2025
    Türkiye issued a travel warning for its citizens due to escalating tensions and armed clashes in South Sudan, urging them to avoid nonessential travel to the country ... South Sudan, the ...
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    (Hello Africa) Chinese medical team helps South Sudanese students fight heatstroke, cholera

    Beijing News 31 Mar 2025
    A Chinese doctor demonstrates how to conduct a Rinne test at Juba Teaching Hospital in Juba, capital of South Sudan, March 20, 2025 ... of Ayii University in Juba, capital of South Sudan, March 20, 2025.
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    South Sudan's opposition reaffirms commitment to peace amid Machar's house arrest

    Beijing News 29 Mar 2025
    "We urge all signatory parties and stakeholders to recommit themselves to the full implementation of the Revitalized Peace Agreement in both letter and spirit," Kuol told journalists in Juba, the capital of South Sudan.
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    Is Sudan’s war merging with South Sudanese conflicts?

    Al Jazeera 29 Mar 2025
    While violence in South Sudan’s capital, Juba, calmed down after the peace deal, atrocities continued in the peripheries due to the government’s practices of appointing corrupt governors, coopting ...
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    The world’s youngest country fought for decades to govern itself. Now it’s on the cusp ...

    CNN 29 Mar 2025
    The African Union, which comprises 55 African nations, has said it will deploy a delegation to Juba, the capital of South Sudan, “to de-escalate the situation.” Separately, an envoy of William Ruto, ...
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    U.N. chief: World leaders must speak with one voice to prevent a new civil war ...

    The Los Angeles Times 29 Mar 2025
    ... the U.N.’s support for the deployment of the AU’s five-member Panel of the Wise and the special envoy of Kenya’s President William Ruto to South Sudan’s capital, Juba, to pursue a diplomatic solution.
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    Roundup: South Sudan opposition reaffirms commitment to peace amid Machar's house arrest

    China.dot.org 28 Mar 2025
    "We urge all signatory parties and stakeholders to recommit themselves to the full implementation of the Revitalized Peace Agreement in both letter and spirit," Kuol told journalists in Juba, the capital of South Sudan.
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    UN chief urges South Sudan to end political confrontation, release detained officials

    China.dot.org 28 Mar 2025
    Noting that it is time for dialogue and de-escalation for the sake of the long-suffering people of South Sudan, Guterres said, "The Horn of Africa is already in turmoil and cannot afford another conflict, nor can the people of South Sudan.".
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    Fears of civil war in South Sudan stem from political rivalry between the president and ...

    Newsday 28 Mar 2025
    KAMPALA, Uganda — Tensions are rising in the oil-rich east African nation of South Sudan after Riek Machar, who serves as one of the country’s vice presidents, was arrested in the capital ... Machar has served as South Sudan’s No.
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    UN chief deeply concerned by escalating situation in South Sudan

    Xinhua 27 Mar 2025
    There were reported clashes between government troops of the South Sudan People's Defence Forces and the Sudan People's Liberation Army in Opposition near Rejaf, just south of the capital Juba, and in Wunaliet, to the west.
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